Peran Gender dalam Novel "Big Little Lies"
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33884/basisupb.v9i2.5557Kata Kunci:
Big Little Lies, Feminism, Gender Role, Literature, StereotypesAbstrak
Penelitian ini menggambarkan peran gender dalam novel Big Little Lies. Pembahasan peran gender menjadi penting untuk melihat ekspetasi sosial atau standar bagaimana pria dan wanita harus berperilaku. Masyarakat memberikan peran tertentu terhadap gender tertentu. Untuk melihat bagaimana fenomena ini di novel, peneliti menggunakan Teori Peran Sosial dari Eagly menggunakan pendekatan feminis. Penelitian ini dibentuk dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Dalam mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data, penelitian ini menerapkan teknik catat dan analisis konten. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peran gender tradisional masih diterapkan. Peran perempuan masih terbatas mengasuh anak sementara peran pria terbatas menafkahi keluarga. Ini dibentuk oleh pandangan masyarakat dalam lingkuangannya yang menunjukkan kegiatan tipikal mengasuh didominasi perempuan dan kegiatan tipikal menafkahi didominasi pria. Meskipun begitu, peran gender tersebut tidak diterapkan secara ketat oleh masyarakat. Justru, masyarakat membolehkan kedua gender untuk mengambil peran sesuai karakter mereka. Perempuan agentik seperti Madeline, Renata, dan Jackie, mereka mengambil peran pencari nafkah. Pria komunal seperti Ed, Jonathan, dan Stu, mereka mengambil peran pengasuh. Mereka saling berbagi tugas dan tanggung jawab dan seringkali berganti peran tergantung situasi.
Referensi
Afandi, M. D. (2020). The shift in gender roles in Amy Tan’s “The Joy Luck Club” and Khaled Hosseini’s “The Kite Runner.” Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, Dan Budaya, 8(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.26714/lensa.8.1.2018.1-21
Arif, M., Bashir, T., & Mehmood, A. (2020). Gender Role as Relative Phenomenon in Bharati Mukherjee’s Novel Desirable Daughters. Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ), 4(1), 293–302. https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/4.1.25
Azisah, S. (2020). Gender roles Depiction in English textbooks of an Islamic Junior high school in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Asian EFL Journal, 27(33), 95–109.
Badinjki, T. (2019). Stereotypical gender roles and new construct of marriage in Pride and Prejudice. International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (IJSELL), 7(1), 43–47. https://doi.org/10.20431/2347-3134.0701005
Blackstone, A. M. (2003). Gender roles and society. Human Ecology: An Encyclopedia of Children, Families, Communities, and Environments, 8, 335–338.
Dobie, A. B. (2012). Theory into practice: An introduction to literary criticism (3rd ed.). Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
Eagly, A. H. (1987). Sex differences in social behavior: a social role interpretation (1st ed.). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203781906
Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (2016). Social role theory of sex differences. In The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies (pp. 1–3). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118663219.wbegss183
Felski, R. (1989). Beyond feminist aesthetics: Feminist literature and social change (1st ed.). Harvard University Press.
Kofer, M. (2020). Transformations of gender identities and roles in novels of flight and exile by Olga Grjasnowa and Shida Bazyar. Annali Di Ca’ Foscari. Serie Occidentale, 54(10), 201–220. https://doi.org/10.30687/AnnOc/2499-1562/2020/54/010
Köseoğlu, B. (2018). The gender roles in Fielding’s The History of Tom Jones: A foundling in the light of Hélène Cixous’s feminist approach. Conference of the International Journal of Arts & Sciences, 11(2), 95–100.
Lobova, A. (2019). Family gender roles at the beginning of 20th century in Su Tong’s novel “Wives and Concubines.” Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 11(2), 198–207. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.205
Mahmud, M. (2015). Exploring gender role in the story of I La Galigo. Sosiohumaniora, 16(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v16i1.5681
Moriarty, L. (2014). Big Little Lies (1st ed.). Penguin Publishing.
Putri, A. S., & Anzari, P. P. (2021). Dinamika peran ganda perempuan dalam keluarga petani di Indonesia. JIHI3S: Jurnal Integrasi dan Harmoni Inovatif Ilmu-Ilmu Sosiall, 1(6), 757–763. https://doi.org/10.17977/um063v1i62021p757-763
Saewyc, E. (2017). A global perspective on gender roles and identity. Journal of Adolescent Health, 61(4), S1–S2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.010
Sczesny, S., Nater, C., & Eagly, A. H. (2019). Agency and communion: Their implications for gender stereotypes and gender identities. In A. E. Abele & B. Woiciszke (Eds.), Agency and communion in Social Psychology (1st ed., pp. 103–116). Routledge.
Tabassum, N., & Nayak, B. S. (2021). Gender stereotypes and their impact on women’s career progressions from a managerial perspective. IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, 10(2), 192–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/2277975220975513
Zuhdi, S. (2019). Membincang peran ganda perempuan dalam masyarakat industri. Jurnal Jurisprudence, 8(2), 81–86. https://doi.org/10.23917/jurisprudence.v8i2.7327
